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Torii - China and Japan, a single concept of the universe? Fear

Chinese Nell'architettonica each component requires the use of typical cosmological fees. According to this view all things and events are linked by a cosmic vibration, an energy, the Qi (气), omnipresent and pervading the whole. This energy is constant but changing soul according to laws, and their understanding lets you know how the universe works.

The man, according to these principles, is the result of such energy and is also its greatest expression. So his actions must conform to the principles in order to meet the standards of beauty and harmony, not least his work and his creations. These concepts have influenced cosmological ethics and aesthetics of Chinese art, painting, calligraphy and architectural projects (including gardens and plants in miniature).

Later, through the work of Buddhist monks and others, these ideas crossed the ocean and spread in Japan, influencing art, morality, philosophy, even the practices of government.
For this reason, even in Japan's indigenous culture can find more of the architectural elements related to the same concepts. The torii, for example, the typical portal above the entrance of Shinto shrines, attracts the same principles from the ancient Chinese civilization. The rules of construction, dictated by the great Japanese artist Katsushika Hokusai (1760 - 1849) in one of his writings, shows this interpretation in the cosmological relationship between symbolism and architecture of a torii.


analysis of the text we see that the five colors (WU SE - 五色) divide the space of the beam located under the roof (Shimako): Black, White, Yellow, Red and Green. Also the number five is represented in the subdivision of the beam below (Nuki) by Five Movements or Agents (WU XING - 五行): Water (SHUI - 水), Metal (JIN - 金), Terra (TU - 土) Fire (HUO - 火) and Wood (MU - 木). The two pillars (Hashira) that support the structure, are the two basic energies, the yin and yang. These two columns demarcate, in combination with the ground (Earth) and the beam above (Heaven), a perfect square, whose sides recall the four mythical animals (the Phoenix, the Tiger, the Dragon and the Turtle). At the four corners represent the four seasons (SI SHI - 四时) Spring (Chun - 春), Summer (XIA - 夏) Autumn (Qiu - 秋) and Winter (DONG - 冬).
the side you see a section of the octagonal base (Nemak) on which rest the pillars. The octagon represents the Eight Trigrams (BAGUA - images composed of three whole or broken lines, from which we get the 64 hexagrams dell'YIJING) represented here only by the characters and places in the order of the Later Heaven: QIAN, KUN, GEN, KAN, Xun, Zhen, LI and DUI.
Always laterally and above the octagon, is drawn into the section of beam that holds up the roof, a rectangle divided into three parts that are assigned to the signs: Five Movements, Three Figures and Two Lights Elementary.
The beam holding the roof in turn calls the classic definition (according to the Imperial Kangxi Dictionary) TAI JI, "Big Ridge" (or Large Apex) and the concept of internal and external. Outside (WEI) look at the roof and its height. From inside (IN), our eye falls on the elements of architecture. Like Yin and Yang (the characters and the representations are the oldest wall in the shade and the sun, a mountain) supports and nourishes the Yin Yang, in turn, protects the YIN YANG, like the roof protects the beam. Beyond the "Big Hum", the link with the TAO.

PS: the concepts of cosmology are written in Chinese pinyin, the structural elements of the torii are in Japanese. The text was drawn from an article by Nicholas PICCIOLO appeared years ago in the journal "Arts of the Orient" and from which I took with both hands. The mention of "Imperial Kangxi Dictionary" is by George Charles. Thank you both.

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Fear (KONG - 恐 ) with joy, anger, sadness, and the brooding , is one of five basic emotions, in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), probably the fundamental one.

Linked to Kidney, water movement, the energy is directly ancestral influence the construction of the nervous system during gestational life and its maintenance during the rest of our lives. Just the movement of water has the task of holding down and inside to keep firmly in the roots of life. If this movement is not perfectly balanced, for example, if there is too much, collapses, falls out of control. There is more sound that contains all of immobility, but the lack of reaction or retention.

Fear, in its physiological, keeps within the limits of reason, mobilizes our survival instincts, reminds us to be cautious and stimulate our courage. Do not know fear is as harmful as excessive fear. When we do not carried away by fear, it is a real and its own engine, able to mobilize our energies, our senses, our faculties. A little 'fear is good for your physical and mental health and we can see from the earliest moments in a particular phenomenon: we focus on the area of \u200b\u200bdanger (perceived or real) and we forget the effort immediately. Alertness is activated and is ready to take action.

When fear is in excess blocks IQ, paralyzes us and makes us vulnerable. Sometimes our fear is directed toward the unknown, taking the name of anxiety. Sometimes, too often, we suffer when we are forced to obey for fear of being reprimanded, to receive verbal or physical violence, caused, among other things, real energy disaster. All these forms of fear are unhealthy weaken and impoverish the IQ, in a slow deterioration of the kidneys.

How can we "treat" the fear? Fire Through the movement, ie through everything about the SHEN, this form of energy "pervades" the human being when he raises his spirit, when he has a positive outlook on life and when he turns to beauty and good. The Heart is the loggia of SHEN and when "we have" hope, desire, joy, sharing, warmth, spirituality, wonder, of meditation, then the fear is reduced and the vision becomes more realistic. The courage to be themselves in all circumstances and the desire to rejoice in the good things in life are the main keys to conserve precious energy of the kidneys and keep the spirit alive and peaceful.

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Qi Gong in the West 20s style

stirring among the "archives" I found the song, below, that my dear Yves Kieffer friend translated from a French book published in 1978, when few had heard of Qi Gong in the West. In the book "The Billebaude", Ed Denoel, the author recalls Henri Vincenot a dialogue took place between him and a child his grandfather in his native Burgundy around the '20s. Grandparents know the long ...

"If you happen to hear a rag, he told me his grandfather Sandrot, leaning back against a great oak high forest of oak or against a "modern" pretty straight. Supports the heels, buttocks, back and the back of the skull against the trunk. Turn south, put your palms on the bark and stay there until an hour ... if you have enough patience Healed! You feel charged!

- Charged with what?

- Charged with life, boy! It 's easy to understand: the tree sucks the life out of the earth, it goes through its roots and its trunk, but also drains from the sky through the leaves and sends down through the branches. Runs in both directions, you know? And you took the opportunity to get into shape! It 's so that our old men pulled up! "

Thanks Yves.

The image is taken from the site http://www.tao-yin.com "Taiji with the tree in the Town of Purple - Beijing

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The symbol of the Cross and the element Wood

The cross is a symbol very old, certainly pre-Christian town in the cultures of all mankind and not just to the west. The word "cross", probably derived from Sanskrit ( krugga, means stick), for the Greeks is stauros , "pole" for the Jews and takes on the meaning of "tree" symbols that clearly draws the 'element "wood" of Chinese tradition.

The cross represents the first orientation in space, the point of intersection of lines up / down, left / right, the ground coordinates South - West - North - East (the cross that gives man the coordinates for orientation in space and time), the unification of many two-tier system as a whole which is the human form with outstretched arms. Compared to corners is the Number Four, while from the point of intersection of its arms, the Five.

The circle is a basic structural element in the creation of many shapes and mandalas for meditation and is found in plants of different churches and temples. In many cultures come together to form a cross representation of the image in the world. Within a circle, as well as to the meaning cosmology, it also symbolizes the division of the year into four parts.

From the point of view of the vertical axis combines the zenith to the nadir, the ratio between Heaven and Earth, the ground path from birth to death. The cross is thus a symbolic relationship with the axis of the world. On the horizontal axis the cross cut the squares into equal parts. Some Africans believe that the crossroads or the symbol of the cross are in connection with the separation between the streets of the living and the dead. The rules for exorcism magic involving the use of these symbols because they have the power to immobilize spirits, who can not decide which way take.

Returning to the symbolism, In Chinese tradition, the element Wood is the spring, hence the birth, rebirth and, by extension , the "resurrection" after the "death "posed by winter (water element). Wood acts as an intermediate element, thus "passing" between what is below, Water, Winter, materiality (the Earth), and death ... what is up, the fire, 'Estate, spirituality (Heaven) ... life.

Photos: Crucifixion - Giotto, the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua

Representation of the "Five Elements of TCM